Maybe as bamboo4 said before that haka is the result from one's effort, then haka+toru (take the result) becomes hakadoru which resulted to the meaning "making progress"...
Ethanol
はか means the results from one's efforts - see はかない.はかどる therefore takes the results of your efforts in making progress.
bamboo4
this is an interesting phrase, but is this a grammar construct, or vocabulary I wonder?
anon
I wonder if this is really JLPT level 3?
dc
I am not sure about the connection b/n はかどる/はかない. 捗る(はかどる)-JPLT1 vocab (Kanji) / 儚い(はかない) - JPLT1 vocab (no kanji). It seems this may simply be Lev.1 vocab rather than grammar?
samboki
good word but it's vocab. The meaning of surrounding word constructs do not change based on it.